Public update ledger

Data, method and product changes

This is not a second change log. The page and Atom feed are generated from the same governed public revision records; internal governance and archive maintenance stay out of the public stream.

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Data updatev1.1.0

Added a separate 2024 UN Tourism overnight-arrivals benchmark

Kept the 1995–2020 WDI tourism history unchanged and added a separate UN Tourism 2024 top-ten snapshot for international tourist arrivals (overnight visitors). China’s 36 million value remains explicitly flagged as an UN Tourism estimate. No missing 2024 destination value is zero-filled or carried forward.

REV-20261016-INTERNATIONAL-TOURISM-UNTOURISM-2024Sources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

International tourism indicator prepared

Prepared World Bank WDI / UN Tourism arrivals and China outbound-departure data, a same-source China/world arrivals-share series for 1995–2019, a fixed 2019 comparison and a broad 1995–2020 top-15 arrivals ranking preserving the observed COVID shock. Tourism receipts are archived but excluded from the formal page because China observations stop in 2004 in this snapshot.

REV-20260812-INTERNATIONAL-TOURISM-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.9.0

Educational attainment and higher education indicator added

Added China's 2019-2024 official higher-education participation and scale series, ten-economy WDI/UIS tertiary enrollment observations and latest-available adult Bachelor's attainment context.

REV-20260729-EDUCATIONAL-ATTAINMENT-HIGHER-EDUCATIONSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Data updatev1.0.0

China higher-education series refreshed to 2025

Added the Ministry of Education 2025 official release: gross enrollment rate 61.3%, total higher-education student scale 48.7257 million, 3,167 institutions, 39.5396 million undergraduate/vocational students, 4.2995 million postgraduate students and 2.2236 million full-time higher-education teachers.

REV-20261016-EDUCATIONAL-ATTAINMENT-HIGHER-EDUCATION-2025Sources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

International student mobility visualisation added

Added a mixed-latest-year UIS bilateral student-mobility network, latest global destination totals, China outbound destinations and clearly separated MOE 2018 inbound-to-China origin context.

REV-20261016-INTERNATIONAL-STUDENT-MOBILITY-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Data updatev0.8.1

Industrial robot data updated through 2025

Added IFR World Robotics 2026 China data for 2025 installations, global deployment share, domestic supplier share and leading customer industries. The public China release does not publish an exact 2025 operational-stock value, so stock remains current through 2024.

REV-20260929-INDUSTRIAL-ROBOTS-2025Sources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Household credit annual net change launched with China–Japan BIS comparison

Introduced annual Q4-to-Q4 household-credit net changes for China and Japan from BIS WS_TC 2.0, plus a dimensionless net-change-rate comparison. The PBOC January–August 2026 resident-loan decline is kept as separately labelled context rather than spliced into the BIS annual series.

REV-20260921-HOUSEHOLD-CREDIT-NET-CHANGESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

Wind, solar and hydro generation indicator added

Added 2000–2025 Ember actual wind, solar and hydro electricity generation for China, same-source world shares for each technology and their sum (China 37.3% of world wind+solar+hydro in 2025), a China renewable-mix chart and an 18-country animated ranking.

REV-20260921-RENEWABLE-GEN-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

Aquatic product output indicator added

Added 1960–2024 WDI (mirroring FAO FishStat) aquatic product output for China with the aquaculture/capture split, same-source world shares (China 40.4% of world total and 58.0% of world aquaculture in 2024) and a 17-country animated ranking. Total production includes aquatic animals and algae per the FAO definition.

REV-20260921-AQUATIC-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

Nuclear and fossil generation indicator added

Added 2000–2025 Ember nuclear and fossil electricity generation for China, same-source world shares (China 33.9% of world fossil and 17.3% of world nuclear generation in 2025, up from 11.3% and 0.7% in 2000) and a 17-country animated ranking. Fossil is Ember’s aggregate of coal, gas and other fossil.

REV-20260921-NUCLEAR-FOSSIL-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

Coal, oil and natural gas consumption indicator added

Added 1980–2024 EIA International Energy Statistics consumption for coal (Mtoe), petroleum and other liquids (thousand barrels per day) and dry natural gas (bcm), China’s same-source world shares for all three fuels, a China fossil-mix chart and a 16-country animated ranking. Russia and Kazakhstan start in 1992, Germany in 1991; missing years are omitted, never interpolated.

REV-20260917-FOSSIL-FUEL-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

Military capabilities and major equipment indicator prepared

Prepared a source-layered military-capabilities indicator covering China's official force structure and commissioned carriers, archived CRS/USCC estimates for selected naval, missile and airborne-early-warning dimensions, and a same-vintage SIPRI nuclear-force comparison. Foreign estimates remain explicitly distinct from Chinese official facts; unsupported fighter totals and the blocked DOD equipment PDF are not formalized.

REV-20260823-MILITARY-CAPABILITIES-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

Marriage registrations annual series prepared

Prepared a 1978–2025 annual registered-marriage-couple series from archived NBS historical/yearbook tables and the completed 2025 MCA Q4 cumulative annual total, with an explicit source boundary and no partial 2026 data.

REV-20260819-MARRIAGE-REGISTRATIONS-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Data updatev1.5.0

Land-transfer revenue history extended to 2012

Extended the official Ministry of Finance land-use-right transfer revenue series from 2020-2025 to a continuous 2012-2025 sequence using final-account or budget-execution values at published precision for historical years. No interpolation is used, and the measure remains fiscal revenue rather than residential land supply or transaction volume. Earlier years are not appended where accessible publications expose accounting-scope ambiguity.

REV-20260817-HOUSING-REAL-ESTATE-LAND-REVENUE-HISTORYSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Data updatev1.4.0

BIS residential property price indices added with explicit 2016 method break

Added 168 quarterly observations for the BIS selected China nominal and real residential property price indices from 2005Q2 to 2026Q1. The page and formal metadata explicitly mark the 2016Q1 change from 70-city newly constructed residential buildings to 70-city existing residential buildings. OECD Analytical HPI is archived only as a research cross-check and is not spliced into the BIS series.

REV-20260817-HOUSING-REAL-ESTATE-BIS-RPPISources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev1.2.1

Housing long-cycle interpretation strengthened

Added seven bilingual, data-derived reading conclusions that distinguish long-run co-movement from causal claims, quantify the post-2021 activity reversal, and preserve all existing measurement boundaries. No formal housing or long-cycle data point changed.

REV-20260815-HOUSING-REAL-ESTATE-LONG-CYCLE-EDITORIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Data updatev1.1.0

Housing and real-estate history extended to 2011

Extended the national NBS real-estate cycle from 2021-2025 to 2011-2025 using ten additional archived annual releases. Investment, construction, starts, completions, sales, completed-but-unsold floorspace, developer funding, climate index and derived transaction-value averages now cover 15 years; the 70-city price section remains a December 2025 official snapshot.

REV-20260813-HOUSING-REAL-ESTATE-HISTORY-UPGRADESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Data updatev1.6.0

Nationwide secondary-market housing transaction floor area added

Added the officially published 2023-2025 annual floor area of urban second-hand housing transactions recorded through online signing. The series is published in the NBS annual national statistical communique and attributed there to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. It remains separate from new-commercial-housing sales floor area, housing stock, vacancy and residential price indexes.

REV-20260818-HOUSING-REAL-ESTATE-SECONDARY-MARKET-TRANSACTIONSSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Data updatev1.0.0
Data updatev1.3.0

Housing long-cycle annual gaps filled with official observations

Filled the urbanization series to a complete 1988-2025 annual sequence, M2 to a complete 1990-2025 year-end sequence, and personal housing loans to a complete 2015-2025 year-end segment while preserving the 2004 historical anchor and 2022Q3 phase-high observation. No interpolation was used; the 2014 mortgage year remains intentionally missing because published values use conflicting institution-coverage scopes.

REV-20260816-HOUSING-REAL-ESTATE-LONG-CYCLE-GAP-FILLSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0
Data updatev1.2.0

Housing indicator gains long-cycle context data

Added audited long-cycle context for national commercial-housing average sales price, urbanization, three method-separated urban housing-area measures, M2, personal housing loans and land-use-right transfer revenue. Missing years remain missing and method breaks are explicit.

REV-20260815-HOUSING-REAL-ESTATE-LONG-CYCLESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Express delivery and parcel volume indicator prepared

Added 153 direct formal observations extracted from 16 archived State Post Bureau annual bulletins for 2010-2025. The 2010-2013 above-designated-size express-enterprise total is kept separate from the 2014-2025 modern reporting segment; traditional postal parcels remain separate, and UPU designated-operator statistics are not presented as an all-market global ranking.

REV-20260815-EXPRESS-DELIVERY-PARCELS-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Forest cover and afforestation indicator prepared

Prepared WDI/FAOSTAT forest-area share and absolute forest-area history for China and a fixed major-forest-economy comparison, plus NBS annual afforestation and artificial-afforestation activity for 2023–2025. Stock and activity-flow measures remain explicitly separated.

REV-20260814-FOREST-COVER-AFFORESTATION-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Government debt indicator prepared

Prepared IMF WEO April 2026 general-government gross debt data for China from 1995 to 2031 and a fixed selected-economy comparison. The IMF projection boundary begins in 2026; projections are kept visibly separate from earlier WEO values.

REV-20260813-GOVERNMENT-DEBT-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev0.8.1

Cement production added to China-and-the-World formal shares

Promoted the same-edition USGS 2025 cement production share to a formal China-and-the-World overview card without adding a historical animation.

REV-20260813-CEMENT-OVERVIEW-FORMALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Health expenditure indicator prepared

Prepared a common 2000–2023 WHO Global Health Expenditure Database / World Bank WDI snapshot for current health expenditure as a share of GDP, per-capita PPP expenditure, domestic general-government financing share and out-of-pocket share across China, six major economies and the World aggregate.

REV-20260813-HEALTH-EXPENDITURE-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev0.2.0

Added FAOSTAT international vegetable and fruit food-availability comparison

Added a separate 2010–2023 FAOSTAT Food Balances comparison for China, World, United States, India, Germany, South Korea and Brazil. The international series measure food availability/apparent supply and are explicitly not merged with NBS household consumption.

REV-20260813-VEGETABLE-FRUIT-FAOSTAT-COMPARISONSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Population aging indicator prepared

Prepared World Bank WDI 1960–2025 history for the age-65+ population share and total plus old-age dependency ratio across China and seven comparison entities, together with UN World Population Prospects 2024 five-year-age-group estimates and Medium projections through 2050. WDI and WPP remain visibly separate statistical systems.

REV-20260812-POPULATION-AGING-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

Household vegetable and fruit consumption indicator prepared for publication

Added 2013–2024 NBS national, urban and rural household-consumption series for vegetables and edible fungi and fresh fruit and melons, plus a 2024 cross-section for 31 provincial-level regions. The page explicitly excludes quantities consumed away from home.

REV-20260813-VEGETABLE-FRUIT-CONSUMPTION-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Current account balance indicator prepared

Prepared World Bank WDI current-account balance data in current US dollars and as a share of GDP for 15 selected economies, a fixed 2025 comparison, 2024 global surplus/deficit extremes and a broad-coverage 1990–2024 positive-surplus ranking. No world-share series is published for this signed net-balance indicator.

REV-20260811-CURRENT-ACCOUNT-BALANCE-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

High-technology exports indicator prepared

Prepared World Bank WDI high-technology export amount and manufactured-export-share data, a same-source China/world export-share series for 2011–2023, a fixed 15-economy 2024 comparison and a 2009–2024 broad-coverage top-15 global ranking.

REV-20260810-HIGH-TECHNOLOGY-EXPORTS-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Foreign exchange reserves indicator prepared

Prepared World Bank WDI total reserves minus gold data for 15 selected economies, China 1977–2025 history and a broad-coverage 1990–2024 top-15 global ranking. No world-share series is published because FI.RES.XGLD.CD has no usable WLD aggregate.

REV-20260810-FOREIGN-EXCHANGE-RESERVES-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Road and expressway mileage indicator local candidate

Added a 2010-2025 Ministry of Transport history for China's year-end total road network and expressway length: 32 direct official observations across 16 annual archived sources, plus a derived expressway share. Mixed-definition global motorway/freeway rankings are explicitly excluded.

REV-20260810-ROAD-EXPRESSWAY-MILEAGESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Military expenditure indicator local candidate

Added a SIPRI-based 1993-2025 comparison for the ten largest military spenders in 2025, with 990 formal observations across current US dollars, constant 2024 US dollars and military expenditure as a share of GDP. SIPRI estimate markings and country footnotes are preserved.

REV-20260808-MILITARY-EXPENDITURESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Total fertility rate indicator prepared

Prepared World Bank/WDI total fertility rate data for China, World and 14 other major economies from 1960–2024, plus an approximate 2.1 reference, fixed-set animated ranking and first observed threshold-crossing table.

REV-20260808-TFR-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.9.0

Internet penetration indicator added

Added CNNIC official internet-penetration observations through December 2025 and a separate WDI/ITU international comparison for eight economies/world aggregate.

REV-20260808-INTERNET-PENETRATION-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Foreign direct investment indicator prepared

Prepared a World Bank/WDI FDI indicator with four balance-of-payments series, 1979–2025 China/world inflow share and a broad-coverage 1990–2024 top-15 animated ranking.

REV-20260808-FDI-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Data updatev1.1.0

Long-run international shipbuilding completion-share history added

Added the official MLIT/IHS 1986-2023 gross-tonnage series for world new shipbuilding completion shares across China, the Republic of Korea, Japan, Europe and Other. The historical GT series remains separate from the existing MIIT DWT 2024-2025 completion, new-order and orderbook measures.

REV-20260807-SHIPBUILDING-GLOBAL-SHARE-HISTORYSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Water resources and use local candidate

Added 2014-2025 Ministry of Water Resources annual resource, use, supply and efficiency series with 214 official values and 84 transparent derived shares. Legacy and later supply labels remain separate.

REV-20260806-WATER-RESOURCES-AND-USESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev1.2.0

China-US GDP ruler and broad-sector comparison prepared

Registered method sources, broad-sector WDI snapshots and derived lineages for four GDP rulers, a five-part China-US sector structure and narrative methodology sections.

REV-20260806-GDP-CHINA-US-NARRATIVE-COMPARISONSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Artificial-intelligence industry and adoption dataset prepared

Prepared the AI industry and computing snapshot, three CNNIC adoption observations, 2025 filing and registration counts, and WIPO's 2014-2023 patent-family comparison for a bilingual indicator page.

REV-20260805-ARTIFICIAL-INTELLIGENCE-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

Meat production indicator added

Added 1961–2024 FAOSTAT total meat production, China's same-source world share, a five-part production structure and a ten-country animated ranking. China's 2024 total retains FAOSTAT flag E and is not labelled as an official reported value.

REV-20260805-MEAT-PRODUCTIONSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

China-US Fortune Global 500 comparison prepared

Added Fortune's annual China-total and United States company counts for 2017-2026, ten archived official edition pages and a same-edition bilateral gap.

REV-20260803-FORTUNE-GLOBAL-500-CHINA-USSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.9.0

Air quality and pollution local candidate

Added 2021-2025 Ministry of Ecology and Environment monitoring averages for 339 prefecture-level and above cities, including PM2.5 and good-air-day trends and a 2025 pollutant snapshot. Population-weighted international exposure estimates are not spliced or ranked.

REV-20260802-AIR-QUALITY-AND-POLLUTIONSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.9.0
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Healthcare resources local candidate

Added source-separated 2025 NBS headline totals, 2024 NHC detailed statistics and three WDI international density series. Actual years remain visible and no unified animated ranking or interpolation is used.

REV-20260802-HEALTHCARE-RESOURCESSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Services trade indicator published

Published separate MOFCOM annual renminbi services-trade series and World Bank WDI balance-of-payments current-US-dollar exports/imports, plus a 20-frame fixed-2024-top-ten service-export animation. The two source systems remain explicitly non-spliceable.

REV-20260731-SERVICES-TRADESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Employment and unemployment indicator published

Published separate NBS employment, surveyed and registered unemployment series plus four ILOSTAT modelled international series. NBS and ILO series remain explicitly non-spliceable, the 2020 employment gap remains visible, and future ILOSTAT projection rows are excluded.

REV-20260730-EMPLOYMENT-UNEMPLOYMENTSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv1.0.0

Manufactured goods exports indicator published

Published the bilingual manufactured-goods exports indicator with 1995–2025 China and world values, same-source world share, a fixed-2025-top-ten animated ranking, product-group structure and downloadable CSV data.

REV-20260730-MANUFACTURED-EXPORTS-PUBLICATIONSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev0.9.0

Manufactured exports formal dataset prepared

Prepared the governed UNCTADstat A12 manufactured-exports dataset, same-source world and merchandise-export shares, a 31-frame fixed-top-ten series and China product-group structure before public page enablement.

REV-20260729-MANUFACTURED-EXPORTSSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev1.1.0

Three major-economy GDP trend comparisons added to the existing GDP page

Added current-US-dollar GDP, current-PPP GDP and constant-2021-PPP GDP benchmark-year trends for China, the United States, the European Union, Japan, the United Kingdom and India.

REV-20260728-GDP-MAJOR-ECONOMIES-TRENDSSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.9.0
Initial publicationv0.9.0
Initial publicationv0.9.0

PCT international patent applications indicator added

Added China's 2025 PCT application estimate, same-source world share, 2011-2025 world trend, top-20 origin ranking and 24-frame historical animated ranking from archived WIPO data.

REV-20260727-PCT-INTERNATIONAL-APPLICATIONSSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.9.0
Initial publicationv0.8.0

Life expectancy and health indicator added

Added the official 2024 China resident-life-expectancy headline and archived WDI 1960–2024 total/female/male life expectancy, infant mortality and international comparison.

REV-20260726-LIFE-EXPECTANCY-HEALTH-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.8.0

Cement production indicator added

Added the USGS 2025 cement production snapshot, China world share, top-ten ranking and rounding warnings without inventing a historical animation.

REV-20260726-CEMENT-PRODUCTION-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev0.6.0

Public five-year crude steel animated ranking added

Added a 2021–2025 animation for the 2025 top ten crude steel producers using the archived worldsteel public viewer XLS, while retaining the annual-release headline and estimate flags.

REV-20260725-CRUDE-STEEL-ANIMATED-RANKINGSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev0.4.0

Global high-speed rail share and same-edition ranking added

Added China's 2024 share of world high-speed rail in operation and a same-edition UIC ranking, with the source-table 1-km and row-count inconsistencies disclosed.

REV-20260724-HIGH-SPEED-RAIL-GLOBAL-SHARESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev0.4.0

Global electricity-generation share added

Added China's 2000–2025 share of world electricity generation from one archived official Ember release, with a separate NBS China-total cross-check.

REV-20260723-ELECTRICITY-GLOBAL-SHARESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev0.4.0

Global manufacturing share added

Added China's 2004–2025 share of world manufacturing value added, derived from same-year CHN and WLD observations in one archived World Bank WDI snapshot.

REV-20260723-MANUFACTURING-GLOBAL-SHARESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Product updatev0.3.0

Data downloads and revision timeline added

Added page-level formal-data CSV files, chart-level CSV/PNG/SVG exports and a bilingual revision timeline to all indicator pages.

REV-20260723-DOWNLOADS-TIMELINESources and definitions registered; automated checks passed
Initial publicationv0.1.0

Indicator page published

Published the official 2025 goods-trade headline with long-run exports and a same-source international comparison.

REV-20260719-GOODS-TRADE-INITIALSources and definitions registered; automated checks passed